The laws of intestate succession -- the law of intestacy, as it is called -- vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. These laws generally favor the spouse, children and grandchildren and then parents and grandparents, then brothers and sisters.
A surviving spouse generally inherits at least one third; surviving children generally divide the remainder. If there are no children, the entire estate generally passes to the surviving spouse.
The estates of divorcing couples who die without a will are governed by the law of intestacy.
See also Dower; Curtesy.